Teil 3 der Serie zur Bewertung wissenschaftlicher Publikationen ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Hintergrund: Die Wahl des geeigneten Studientyps ist ein wichtiger Aspekt des Designs medizinischer Studien. Das Studiendesign und somit auch der Studientyp entscheiden über wissenschaftliche Qualität und Aussagekraft einer Studie. Methode:Der Artikel beschreibt die Einteilung und Strukturierung von Studien in Primärforschung und Sekundärforschung sowie die weitere Unterteilung von Studien der Primärforschung. Dies geschieht anhand einer selektiven Literaturrecherche zu Studientypen in der medizinischen Forschung und auf Basis der Erfahrung der Autoren. Ergebnis:Bei Studientypen können die drei Hauptbereiche medizinische Grundlagenforschung (häufig synonym:experimentelle Forschung),klinische und epidemiologische Forschung unterschieden werden. Eine weitere sinnvolle Unterteilung von Studientypen...Weiterlesen

Originalia | Original Articles Author links open overlay panel P.I.Bäumler, D.Irnich Show more https://doi.org/10.1016/S0415-6412(17)30009-7 Get rights and content Zusammenfassung Einleitung Physiologische Wirkungen der Akupunktur in der Behandlung von Schmerzen sind Gegenstand von über drei Jahrzehnten Forschung. Zielsetzung Aktuelle Übersicht über die Wirkmechanismen der Akupunktur-induzierten Analgesie Methodik Es wurde eine ausführliche Recherche auf der Basis relevanter Übersichtsarbeiten der letzten Jahre, deren Sekundärliteratur („Schneeballrecherche”) und MEDLINE-Recherchen zu den einzelnen Unterpunkten mithilfe gängiger Suchwörter durchgeführt. Die Studienergebnisse wurden entsprechend der folgenden Teilbereiche zusammengefasst: 1. Bedeutung der Endorphine und Aktivierung der absteigenden Schmerzhemmung 2. Wirkung auf das autonome Nervensystem 3. Veränderte zerebrale Schmerzverarbeitung 4. Segmentale Inhibition...Weiterlesen

Diese Grafik gibt eine wunderbare Übersicht über all die biochemischen Vorgänge die die Wirkung der Akupunktur erklären…Weiterlesen

Quelle (17 NOVEMBER 2017): http://www.healthcmi.com Researchers conclude that acupuncture benefits the immune system. In a controlled laboratory experiment, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine researchers discovered that electroacupuncture stimulation of acupuncture point ST36 (Zusanli) “enhanced the level of immune cytokines and splenic CD4+ T cells through TRPV channels.” [1] In addition, the researchers document that electroacupuncture applied to ST36 enhances serum interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-17. Results were confirmed using immunohistochemical analysis. The research measured the effects of electroacupuncture and precisely identified that electroacupuncture at ST36 enhances cytokines, which are proteins secreted by cells that have a specific effect...Weiterlesen

Quelle (03 FEBRUARY 2017): http://www.healthcmi.com Acupuncture reduces inflammation and researchers have discovered how it works. In a laboratory controlled scientific investigation, a key biological marker has been identified, quantified, and directly correlated with the application of acupuncture. Acupuncture successfully downregulates a proinflammatory biochemical (tumor necrosis factor alpha), which results in anti-inflammatory responses. In addition, the researchers have mapped the neural pathways by which acupuncture signaling stimulates anti-inflammatory effects. Crystal Structure of TNF-α Researchers in Korea have identified a mechanism by which acupuncture stimulation at the acupoint ST36 (Zusanli) has an anti-inflammatory effect. By downregulating tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), acupuncture...Weiterlesen

The acupuncture point combination known as the „Four Gates“ (Siguan – a combination of bilateral Hegu L.I.-4 and Taichong LIV-3) can elicit specific activities in the brain, conclude Chinese scientists. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were randomly divided into real acupoint and sham acupoint (needled at a location one cm away from the real points) groups. fMRI data were acquired during acupuncture stimulation. Results showed an extensive increase in neuronal activities with Siguan acupuncture and significant differences between stimulation at real and sham points. Brain regions that were activated more by real acupuncture stimulation than by sham point acupuncture included the somatosensory...Weiterlesen

Placebo acupuncture can ease short-term pain but the real thing might help to reverse the underlying pathology of a disease. In the past when acupuncture was subjected to trials there was only a small effect above placebo, and often no difference at all. Doctors in China have been pushing needles into patients’ skin, supposedly to restore the flow of healing “qi energy”, for more than 4,000 years. Sometimes it feels as though researchers in the west have been arguing about the practice for almost as long. After more than 3,000 clinical trials of acupuncture, many scientists are convinced that despite...Weiterlesen

Introduction Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used for thousands of years with empirical evidence of effectiveness. Recently, clarifying the intrinsic mechanisms of its clinical effects has become increasingly popular research. According to the traditiona ltheory of acupuncture, stimulation at specific acupoints will produce effective bodily responses that can be used to treat certain diseases. Much research has been devoted to demonstrating the mechanisms underlying acupoint specificity. Since the1990s, development in noninvasive brain imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has accelerated the progress of connecting the effects of acupuncture...Weiterlesen

ABSTRACT Acupuncture is an invasive procedure commonly used to relieve pain. Acupuncture is practiced worldwide, despite difficulties in reconciling its principles with evidence-based medicine. We found that adenosine, a neuromodulator with anti-nociceptive properties, was released during acupuncture in mice and that its anti-nociceptive actions required adenosine A1 receptor expression. Direct injection of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist replicated the analgesic effect of acupuncture. Inhibition of enzymes involved in adenosine degradation potentiated the acupuncture-elicited increase in adenosine, as well as its anti-nociceptive effect. These observations indicate that adenosine mediates the effects of acupuncture and that interfering with adenosine metabolism may prolong...Weiterlesen

July 23, 2015 Ever since Chinese doctors first poked their patients with sharp objects 4,000 years ago, and charged them for the pleasure, acupuncture has been shrouded in mystery.Tradition has it that the procedure works by improving the flow of „qi“ along invisible energy channels called meridians, but research published today points to a less mystical explanation for the painkilling claims of acupuncture. The answer, according to a team of scientists in New York, follows an extraordinary study in which researchers gave regular acupuncture sessions to mice with sore paws. After each half-hour session the mice felt less discomfort in their...Weiterlesen